Heat Related illnesses - Heat Stroke and Heat Exhaustion

Heat-related illnesses are a group of conditions that can occur when the body overheats due to prolonged exposure to high temperatures and humidity. Two common heat-related illnesses are heat stroke and heat exhaustion, both of which can be serious and require prompt medical attention. Here's an overview of each condition:

Heat Exhaustion:

Cause: Heat exhaustion typically occurs when a person is exposed to high temperatures and doesn't drink enough fluids to stay adequately hydrated. It can also be triggered by excessive physical activity in hot conditions.

Symptoms: Common symptoms of heat exhaustion include heavy sweating, weakness, fatigue, dizziness, nausea or vomiting, headache, cool and moist skin, and muscle cramps.

Treatment: If you suspect someone has heat exhaustion, move them to a cooler place, encourage them to drink cool water or sports drinks, and have them rest. You can also help them cool down by applying cool, wet cloths to their skin or using fans. If symptoms worsen or do not improve within 30 minutes, seek medical attention.

Heat Stroke:

Cause: Heat stroke is a more severe heat-related illness and occurs when the body's internal temperature regulation system fails. It can be life-threatening and often follows untreated heat exhaustion.

Symptoms: Symptoms of heat stroke include a high body temperature (usually above 103°F or 40°C), hot and dry skin (lack of sweating), rapid pulse, confusion, loss of consciousness, seizures, and sometimes unconsciousness.

Treatment: Heat stroke is a medical emergency. Call helpline EMS immediately if you suspect someone has heat stroke. While waiting for medical assistance, move the person to a cooler place, remove unnecessary clothing, and try to cool them down rapidly by using cold packs or wet cloths. Do not give them fluids to drink if they are unconscious.

Preventing heat-related illnesses is crucial, especially in hot and humid conditions. Here are some tips to avoid these conditions:

1. Stay hydrated by drinking plenty of water, even if you don't feel thirsty.
2. Avoid prolonged exposure to extreme heat, especially during the hottest parts of the day.
3. Wear lightweight and loose-fitting clothing.
4. Take regular breaks in the shade or a cool environment if you are working or exercising in the heat.
5. Use fans or air conditioning to cool indoor spaces.
6. Never leave children or pets in a parked vehicle, as temperatures inside a car can quickly become deadly.

By staying aware of the signs and symptoms of heat-related illnesses and taking preventive measures, you can help protect yourself and others from these dangerous conditions.